Whether it's as part of a large organized ride (as we describe in this article) or with a small group of friends heading out together to enjoy an afternoon, group riding presents special challenges – and offers unique rewards.

Riding in Formation
One of the first things you'll have to learn as a group rider is how to ride in the proper formation. Riding side-by-side is never recommended, as it does not give either rider an adequate space cushion or room to maneuver. Instead, it is recommended that you ride in a classic "staggered formation" in most circumstances. In this formation, the leader rides in the left third of the lane, while the next rider stays at least one second behind in the right third of the lane. Ideally, each rider should be two seconds behind the rider directly in front of him/her (but only one second behind the "staggered" rider ahead – see diagram below).

Advantages to the staggered formation include:

• It takes up less space on the highway than a single-file line.
• It provides adequate space cushion for each rider.
• It is easier for other motorists to see and is less likely to be separated by other traffic.

Staying Together
One of the biggest challenges confronting your group will be keeping everyone together. Hand signals help but only if they are properly used by an experienced group leader. The lead rider should anticipate challenging situations and signal far enough ahead that word "gets back" through the pack in time to make proper adjustments.

In addition to the group leader, the other position that demands experience is the "sweep rider," or last rider in the group. This person is responsible for making sure that no one gets separated from the group and that no one gets left alone on the side of the road in the event of a breakdown.

Intersections
Groups of motorcycles have a visibility advantage over single bikes, but intersections are still the area of highest risk. All intersections should be approached with caution, and riders should proceed through them only when it is safe and legal. Blocking an intersection without prior permission and a proper escort is almost always illegal. And always put personal safety ahead of staying with the group.

The general rules above apply to all intersections; below are some guidelines and tips that apply to specific types of intersections:

Left turns at a protected intersection with a left-turn arrow: Tighten the formation to allow as many riders as possible to pass through quickly. Do not ride side-by-side; make the turn single-file or in a tight, staggered formation.

Left turns at a protected intersection with NO left-turn arrow: Proceed with caution and in single-file, with each rider proceeding through the intersection only when it is safe and legal.

Intersectios with a two-way stop (traffic light or "STOP" signs): While waiting at a traffic light, it may be appropriate to close up the formation and wait side-by-side. However, when the light turns green, riders should pull away one-by-one and re-establish formation.

Intersections with a "YIELD" sign: Turn your head to check for traffic before merging.

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Read Part 1 of Group Riding, to make sure both you and your passenger are educated before you hit the road.